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Hookworms infected about 428 million people in 2015. [4] Heavy infections can occur in both children and adults, but are less common in adults. [2] They are rarely fatal. [6] Hookworm infection is a soil-transmitted helminthiasis and classified as a neglected tropical disease. [7]
Cutaneous larva migrans (abbreviated CLM) is a skin disease in humans, caused by the larvae of various nematode parasites of the hookworm family (Ancylostomatidae).The parasites live in the intestines of dogs, cats, and wild animals; they should not be confused with other members of the hookworm family for which humans are definitive hosts, namely Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus.
Hookworm is closely associated with poverty because it is most often found in impoverished areas, and its symptoms promote poverty through the educational and health effects it has on children. [2] It is the leading cause of anemia and undernutrition in developing countries, while being one of the most commonly occurring diseases among poor people.
Lifecycle of a hookworm Cutaneous larvae migrans. Necatoriasis is caused by N. americanus. N. americanus can be divided into two areas – larvae and adult stage. The third stage larvae are guided to human skin by following thermal gradients. [3] Typically, the larvae enter through the hands and feet following contact with contaminated soil.
Ancylostomiasis is a hookworm disease caused by infection with Ancylostoma hookworms. The name is derived from Greek ancylos αγκύλος "crooked, bent" and stoma στόμα "mouth". The name is derived from Greek ancylos αγκύλος "crooked, bent" and stoma στόμα "mouth".
Ancylostoma duodenale is a species of the roundworm genus Ancylostoma.It is a parasitic nematode worm and commonly known as the Old World hookworm. It lives in the small intestine especially the jejunum [citation needed] of definitive hosts, generally humans, [2]: 307–308 [3] where it is able to mate and mature.
Hookworm species are not easily distinguished from the gross appearance. The key diagnostic feature is the appearance of their mouths. The key diagnostic feature is the appearance of their mouths. Unlike other hookworms, A. ceylanicum has a mouth with cutting plate with a sharp dorsal end that looks like a tooth and a less distinct sharp ...
The most common cause in Asia is G. spinigerum, and the most common cause in the Americas is G. binucleatum. G. hispidium and G. doloresi occur in East and Southeast Asia; the former has also been found in Eastern Europe. G. nipponicum occurs only in Japan and China. [5] [6] [7] There is one unconfirmed report of G. malaysiae causing disease in ...