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The CC chemokine (or β-chemokine) proteins have two adjacent cysteines (amino acids), near their amino terminus. There have been at least 27 distinct members of this subgroup reported for mammals, called CC chemokine ligands -1 to -28; CCL10 is the same as CCL9. Chemokines of this subfamily usually contain four cysteines (C4-CC chemokines ...
The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small peptide belonging to the CXC chemokine family that acts as a chemoattractant for several immune cells, especially neutrophils [5] [6] or other non-hematopoietic cells to the site of injury or infection and plays an important role in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. It was ...
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15 (CCL15) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as leukotactin-1, MIP5 and HCC-2. CCL15 is expressed in liver , small intestine , colon , and in certain leukocytes and macrophages of the lung . [ 1 ]
CCL1 is involved in inflammatory processes through leukocyte recruitment and could play a crucial role in angiogenesis and other viral and tumoral processes. [10] [11] [12] For example, CCL1 transcription was increased in primary human CD4 + T cells expressing T cell immunoglobulin and protein 3 containing the mucin domain (TIM-3) and was identified as a differentially transcribed gene in CD4 ...
CCL2 is a monomeric polypeptide, with a molecular weight of approximately 13-15 kDa depending on levels of glycosylation. [13] CCL2 is anchored in the plasma membrane of endothelial cells by glycosaminoglycan side chains of proteoglycans. CCL2 is primarily secreted by monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Platelet derived growth factor is ...
They also induce the synthesis and release of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and TNF-α from fibroblasts and macrophages. The genes for CCL3 and CCL4 are both located on human chromosome 17 [ 9 ] and on murine chromosome 11.
6375 16963 Ensembl ENSG00000143184 ENSMUSG00000026573 UniProt P47992 P47993 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002995 NM_008510 RefSeq (protein) NP_002986 NP_032536 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 168.58 – 168.58 Mb Chr 1: 164.76 – 164.76 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Chemokine (C motif) ligand (XCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the C chemokine family that is also known as ...
6376 20312 Ensembl ENSG00000006210 ENSMUSG00000031778 UniProt P78423 O35188 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002996 NM_001304392 NM_009142 RefSeq (protein) NP_001291321 NP_002987 NP_033168 Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 57.37 – 57.39 Mb Chr 8: 95.5 – 95.51 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Fractalkine, also known as chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded ...