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Workplace harassment is belittling or threatening behavior directed at an individual worker or a group of workers. [1] Workplace harassment has gained interest among practitioners and researchers as it is becoming one of the most sensitive areas of effective workplace management.
Employment discrimination is a form of illegal discrimination in the workplace based on legally protected characteristics. In the U.S., federal anti-discrimination law prohibits discrimination by employers against employees based on age , race , gender , sex (including pregnancy , sexual orientation , and gender identity ), religion , national ...
Occupational inequality greatly affects the socioeconomic status of an individual which is linked with their access to resources like finding a job, buying a house, etc. [4] If an individual experiences occupational inequality, it may be more difficult for them to find a job, advance in their job, get a loan or buy a house.
There is limited research about discrimination against men in the workplace, and the OECD often does not consider men when measuring gender equality. Eurofound's European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) in 2015 showed that 1% of men and 3.1% of women had perceived discrimination in the past 12 months. [ 2 ]
Expressing an emotion that doesn't line up with people's beliefs about gender-appropriate behavior could lead to being given a lower status at work, and consequently, a lower wage. [ 10 ] A 2008 study found that men who expressed anger in the workplace were given a higher status, while women who expressed anger in the workplace were given a ...
The United States Constitution also prohibits discrimination by federal and state governments against their public employees. Discrimination in the private sector is not directly constrained by the Constitution, but has become subject to a growing body of federal and state law, including the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Federal ...
Research indicates that procedural justice (combined with interactional justice) is beneficial in reducing workplace-deviant behavior. Employees who are consulted (and given an opportunity to be involved in the decision-making processes at their organization) are less likely to act out, since their voices are valued.
Shimei curses David, 1860 woodcut by Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld. Attested in English from 1753, [4] harassment derives from the English verb harass plus the suffix -ment.The verb harass, in turn, is a loan word from the French, which was already attested in 1572 meaning torment, annoyance, bother, trouble [5] and later as of 1609 was also referred to the condition of being exhausted, overtired.