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A phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) is an intraocular lens that is implanted surgically into the eye to correct refractive errors without removing the natural lens ...
The aphakic state is usually due to surgery to remove a cataractous lens, but post-surgical aphakia is rare nowadays because of the ubiquity of intraocular lenses. Rarely, aphakia can be post-traumatic or congenital in nature. Aphakic IOL refers to a lens implanted secondarily in an eye already aphakic from previous surgery or trauma.
Aphakia is the absence of the lens of the eye, due to surgical removal, such as in cataract surgery, a perforating wound or ulcer, or congenital anomaly. It causes a loss of ability to maintain focus (accommodation), high degree of farsightedness (), [1] and a deep anterior chamber.
In some people with very high myopia, the eye may be left aphakic, without intraocular lens implantation. [16] A related procedure is the implantation of phakic intraocular lenses in series with the natural lens to correct vision in cases of high refractive errors. [17]
When the posterior capsule is damaged, the IOL may be inserted into the ciliary sulcus, [18] or a glued intraocular lens technique may be applied. [19] It is economical to use a rigid IOL if the incision size is already over 6 mm wide, but foldable IOLs can also be used if cost is not a limiting factor or incision size is <5 mm. [ 4 ]
After removal of lens material, the viscoelastic solution initially instilled is removed from the anterior chamber, intraocular lens is inserted and the corneal wound is closed by stromal hydration method. [9] In some people with very high myopia, the eye may be left aphakic, without intraocular lens implantation. [10]
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However, in secondary IOL implantation, the patient is prescribed aphakic glasses or contact lenses till the implantation of IOL after a varied period of time between a few months or years. Primary IOL implantation is observed to significantly reduce and avoid the occurrence of secondary glaucoma in paediatric patients under the age of two. [5]