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Standard sea-level conditions (SSL), [1] also known as sea-level standard (SLS), defines a set of atmospheric conditions for physical calculations. The term "standard sea level" is used to indicate that values of properties are to be taken to be the same as those standard at sea level, and is done to define values for use in general calculations.
At standard mean sea level it specifies a temperature of 15 °C (59 °F), pressure of 101,325 pascals (14.6959 psi) (1 atm), and a density of 1.2250 kilograms per cubic meter (0.07647 lb/cu ft). It also specifies a temperature lapse rate of −6.5 °C (−11.7 °F) per km (approximately −2 °C (−3.6 °F) per 1,000 ft).
where ρ is actual air density and ρ 0 is standard sea level density (1.225 kg/m 3 or 0.00237 slug/ft 3). EAS is a function of dynamic pressure:
At IUPAC standard temperature and pressure (0 °C and 100 kPa), dry air has a density of approximately 1.2754 kg/m 3. At 20 °C and 101.325 kPa, dry air has a density of 1.2041 kg/m 3. At 70 °F and 14.696 psi, dry air has a density of 0.074887 lb/ft 3.
The kilogram per cubic metre (symbol: kg·m −3, or kg/m 3) is the unit of density in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined by dividing the SI unit of mass, the kilogram, by the SI unit of volume, the cubic metre. [1]
Thus the standard consists of a tabulation of values at various altitudes, plus some formulas by which those values were derived. To allow modeling conditions below mean sea level , the troposphere is actually extended to −2,000 feet (−610 m), where the temperature is 66.1 °F (18.9 °C), pressure is 15.79 pounds per square inch (108,900 Pa ...
To calculate the weight of the displaced water, it is necessary to know its density. Seawater (1,025 kg/m 3) is more dense than fresh water (1,000 kg/m 3); [5] so a ship will ride higher in salt water than in fresh. The density of water also varies with temperature.
Sigma-t is a quantity used in oceanography to measure the density of seawater at a given temperature. [1] σ T is defined as ρ(S,T)-1000 kg m −3, where ρ(S,T) is the density of a sample of seawater at temperature T and salinity S, measured in kg m −3, at standard atmospheric pressure.