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Though there are many approximate solutions (such as Welch's t-test), the problem continues to attract attention [4] as one of the classic problems in statistics. Multiple comparisons: There are various ways to adjust p-values to compensate for the simultaneous or sequential testing of hypotheses. Of particular interest is how to simultaneously ...
In mathematics, especially in the area of algebra known as group theory, a complement of a subgroup H in a group G is a subgroup K of G such that = = {:,} = {}. Equivalently, every element of G has a unique expression as a product hk where h ∈ H and k ∈ K.
Any classical solution is a mild solution. A mild solution is a classical solution if and only if it is continuously differentiable. [6] The following theorem connects abstract Cauchy problems and strongly continuous semigroups. Theorem: [7] Let A be a closed operator on a Banach space X. The following assertions are equivalent:
Central limit theorem; Characterization of probability distributions; Cochran's theorem; Complete class theorem; Continuous mapping theorem; Cox's theorem; Cramér's decomposition theorem; Craps principle
Hasse–Arf theorem (local class field theory) Hilbert's theorem 90 (number theory) Isomorphism extension theorem (abstract algebra) Joubert's theorem ; Lagrange's theorem (number theory) Mason–Stothers theorem (polynomials) Polynomial remainder theorem (polynomials) Primitive element theorem (field theory) Rational root theorem (algebra ...
The theory of statistics provides a basis for the whole range of techniques, in both study design and data analysis, that are used within applications of statistics. [1] [2] The theory covers approaches to statistical-decision problems and to statistical inference, and the actions and deductions that satisfy the basic principles stated for these different approaches.
The 6th problem concerns the axiomatization of physics, a goal that 20th-century developments seem to render both more remote and less important than in Hilbert's time. Also, the 4th problem concerns the foundations of geometry, in a manner that is now generally judged to be too vague to enable a definitive answer.
The first HK theorem demonstrates that the ground-state properties of a many-electron system are uniquely determined by an electron density that depends on only three spatial coordinates. It set down the groundwork for reducing the many-body problem of N electrons with 3 N spatial coordinates to three spatial coordinates, through the use of ...