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Crystal structure of reactive center loop cleaved angiotensinogen via x-ray diffraction. Angiotensinogen is an α-2-globulin synthesized in the liver [7] and is a precursor for angiotensin, but has also been indicated as having many other roles not related to angiotensin peptides. [8]
The angiotensin receptor is activated by the vasoconstricting peptide angiotensin II.The activated receptor in turn couples to G q/11 and G i/o and thus activates phospholipase C and increases the cytosolic Ca 2+ concentrations, which in turn triggers cellular responses such as stimulation of protein kinase C.
Contrastly, TXA 2 vascular tissue synthesis is stimulated by angiotensin II which promotes cyclooxygenase I's metabolism of arachidonic acid. An angiotensin II dependent pathway also induces hypertension and interacts with TXA 2 receptors. [6]
Angiotensin II is the major bioactive product of the renin–angiotensin system, binding to receptors on intraglomerular mesangial cells, causing these cells to contract along with the blood vessels surrounding them; and to receptors on the zona glomerulosa cells, causing the release of aldosterone from the zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex.
11609 Ensembl ENSG00000180772 ENSMUSG00000068122 UniProt P50052 P35374 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000686 NM_001385624 NM_007429 RefSeq (protein) NP_000677 NP_031455 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 116.17 – 116.17 Mb Chr X: 21.35 – 21.36 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Angiotensin II receptor type 2, also known as the AT 2 receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AGTR2 ...
increase in plasma angiotensin II, ACTH, or potassium levels, which are present in proportion to plasma sodium deficiencies. (The increased potassium level works to regulate aldosterone synthesis by depolarizing the cells in the zona glomerulosa, which opens the voltage-dependent calcium channels.) The level of angiotensin II is regulated by ...
Changes in renin ultimately alter the output of this system, principally the hormones angiotensin II and aldosterone. Each hormone acts via multiple mechanisms, but both increase the kidney's absorption of sodium chloride , thereby expanding the extracellular fluid compartment and raising blood pressure.
Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor in a substrate concentration-dependent manner. [10] Angiotensin II binds to the type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1), which sets off a number of actions that result in vasoconstriction and therefore increased blood pressure.