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Rhizophora mangle - MHNT. Rhizophora mangle, also known as the red mangrove, [1] is a salt-tolerant, small-to-medium sized evergreen tree restricted to coastal, estuarine ecosystems along the southern portions of North America, the Caribbean as well as Central America and tropical West Africa. [2]
Rhizophora is a genus of tropical mangrove trees, sometimes collectively called true mangroves. The most notable species is the red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) but some other species and a few natural hybrids are known. Rhizophora species generally live in intertidal zones which are inundated daily by the ocean.
Rhizophora mucronata is a small to medium size evergreen tree growing to a height of about 20 to 25 metres (66 to 82 ft) on the banks of rivers. On the fringes of the sea 10 or 15 metres (33 or 49 ft) is a more typical height. The tallest trees are closest to the water and shorter trees are further inland.
Bruguiera is the basal genus and Rhizophora the most derived genus in the tribe. [3] Rhizophora is the only pan-tropical genus that is distributed along the intertidal zones of both the Indo-West Pacific (IWP) and Atlantic-East Pacific (AEP) regions. [5] The remaining mangrove genera are restricted to the IWP region. [5]
The Florida mangroves ecoregion includes three mangrove species: Red mangrove tree in Everglades National Park. Rhizophora mangle — red mangrove; Red mangroves are characterized by a dendritic network of aerial prop roots extending into the soil. This allows them to live in anaerobic conditions by providing gas exchange.
Bruguiera gymnorhiza, the large-leafed orange mangrove or oriental mangrove, [3]) is a mangrove tree that grows usually to 7–20 metres (23–66 ft) high, but sometimes up to 35m, that belongs to the family Rhizophoraceae. It is found on the seaward side of mangrove swamps, often in the company of Rhizophora.
About 110 species are considered mangroves, in the sense of being trees that grow in such a saline swamp, [19] though only a few are from the mangrove plant genus, Rhizophora. However, a given mangrove swamp typically features only a small number of tree species.
Only one tree was found on Panay Island in Western Visayas, while 12 were discovered in Masinloc, and they have an average diameter of 5.5 centimeters and height of 6 meters. [19] In the Maldives, Rhizophora apiculata is commonly mistaken by locals with Rhizophora mangle. This species of plant is only found in Huraa island of Kaafu Atoll.