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Elephant's toothpaste is a foamy substance caused by the quick decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) using potassium iodide (KI) or yeast and warm water as a catalyst. [1] How rapidly the reaction proceeds will depend on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide.
The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction. [1] Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants.
used to differentiate between water-soluble aldehyde and ketone functional groups Fenton's reagent: a solution of hydrogen peroxide and an iron catalyst that is used to oxidize contaminants or waste waters Formaldehyde: the simplest aldehyde; an important precursor to many other chemical compounds, such as polymers and polyfunctional alcohols ...
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
Other reactions involving decomposition do require the input of external energy. This energy can be in the form of heat, radiation, electricity, or light. The latter being the reason some chemical compounds, such as many prescription medicines, are kept and stored in dark bottles which reduce or eliminate the possibility of light reaching them ...
A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow that points towards the products to show the direction of the reaction. [1]
These reactions often proceed via carbocation intermediates as shown for the dehydration of cyclohexanol. [5] Some alcohols are prone to dehydration. 3-Hydroxylcarbonyls, called aldols, release water upon standing at room temperature: RC(O)CH 2 CH(OH)R' → RC(O)CH=CHR' + H 2 O. The reaction is induced by dehydrating reagents.
The iodine clock reaction is a classical chemical clock demonstration experiment to display chemical kinetics in action; it was discovered by Hans Heinrich Landolt in 1886. [1] The iodine clock reaction exists in several variations, which each involve iodine species ( iodide ion, free iodine, or iodate ion) and redox reagents in the presence of ...