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Left to right: plantains, Red, Latundan, and Cavendish bananas The following is a list of banana cultivars and the groups into which they are classified. Almost all modern cultivated varieties of edible bananas and plantains are hybrids and polyploids of two wild, seeded banana species, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana.
Most banana cultivars which exhibit purely or mostly Musa acuminata genomes are dessert bananas, while hybrids of M. acuminata and M. balbisiana are mostly cooking bananas or plantains. [23] Musa acuminata is one of the earliest plants to be domesticated by humans for agriculture, 7,000 years ago in New Guinea and Wallacea. [24]
A banana plantation in St. Lucia. The banana industry is an important part of the global industrial agrobusiness. About 15% of the global banana production goes to export and international trade for consumption in Western countries. [1] They are grown on banana plantations primarily in the Americas. [2]
Banana plantations, as well as growing the fruit, may also package, process, and ship their product directly from the plantation to worldwide markets.Depending on the scope of the operation, a plantation's size may vary from a small family farm operation to a corporate facility encompassing large tracts of land, multiple physical plants, and many employees.
The term nam wa has crossed over into the Khmer language where Thai banana is known in Cambodia as chek nam va (ចេកណាំវ៉ា), [11] but is known in the Khmer-speaking Thai province of Surin as chek sâ (ចេកស) or white banana. [12] This banana variety has multiple romanizations including 'Namwah Tall' (with a superfluous 'h').
To that end, Yelloway is studying the DNA of 150 banana varieties, to make a kind of banana family tree, Fernando García-Bastidas, the head of the banana breeding program at KeyGene, told BI.
Conventional plant breeding has not yet been able to produce a variety that preserves the flavor and shelf-life of the Cavendish. [19] [20] In 2017, James Dale, a biotechnologist at Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane, Australia, produced just such a transgenic banana resistant to Tropical Race 4. [21]
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