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  2. History of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Duchy_of...

    The Duchy of Parma originated from a significant portion of the Duchy of Milan, situated to the south of the Po River. On September 22, 1346, Lucien Visconti purchased Parma for 60,000 gold florins from the Marquis of Ferrara, Obizzo III d'Este, who had held Parma for two years since acquiring it from Azzo di Correggio.

  3. Duchy of Parma and Piacenza - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Parma_and_Piacenza

    In 1556, the second Duke, Ottavio Farnese, was given the city of Piacenza, becoming thus also Duke of Piacenza, and so the state was thereafter known as the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza (Italian: Ducato di Parma e Piacenza). The Farnese family continued to rule until the extinction of their male line in 1731. [1]

  4. Duke of Parma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_Parma

    The Duke of Parma and Piacenza (Italian: duca di Parma e Piacenza) was the ruler of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, a historical state of Northern Italy. It was created by Pope Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) for his son Pier Luigi Farnese. [1] It existed between 1545 and 1802, and again from 1814 to 1859.

  5. Prince Carlos, Duke of Parma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Carlos,_Duke_of_Parma

    Prince Carlos, Duke of Parma and Piacenza [1] (Carlos Xavier Bernardo Sixto Marie; born 27 January 1970), is the current (since 2010) Head of the Royal and Ducal House of Bourbon-Parma, who ruled the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza from 1748 to 1802 and from 1847 to 1859 (which includes the Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg).

  6. Charles III, Duke of Parma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_III,_Duke_of_Parma

    Charles III (Italian: Carlo III di Borbone, Duca di Parma e Piacenza; 14 January 1823 – 27 March 1854) was the duke of Parma from 1849 to 1854.. He was the only son of Duke Charles II of Parma and was educated in Saxony and Vienna.

  7. House of Bourbon-Parma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Bourbon-Parma

    The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, centered on the city of Parma. In 1556, the second Duke, Ottavio Farnese , was given the city of Piacenza , becoming thus also Duke of Piacenza , and so the state was thereafter ...

  8. Pier Luigi Farnese - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pier_Luigi_Farnese

    In addition, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor fostered discontent with the Duke, in part to further his aim of annexing Parma and Piacenza to the Duchy of Milan. Thus the governor of Milan, Ferrante Gonzaga, learning of the aims of the emperor, launched a plot against the Farnese, supported by the marquis Anguissola and Andrea Doria. [8]

  9. United Provinces of Central Italy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Provinces_of...

    It was formed by a union of the former Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Duchy of Parma, the Duchy of Modena, and the Papal Legations, after the Second Italian War of Independence. After August 1859, the pro-Piedmontese regimes of Tuscany, Parma, Modena and the Papal Legations agreed to several military treaties.