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Magnesium sulfate or magnesium sulphate is a chemical compound, a salt with the formula MgSO 4, consisting of magnesium cations Mg 2+ (20.19% by mass) and sulfate anions SO 2− 4. It is a white crystalline solid , soluble in water but not in ethanol .
Because magnesium is a mobile nutrient, magnesium chloride can be effectively used as a substitute for magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) to help correct magnesium deficiency in plants via foliar feeding. The recommended dose of magnesium chloride is smaller than the recommended dose of magnesium sulfate (20 g/L). [20]
Magnesium chloride is an ionic compound, which can be electrolysed in a molten state to form magnesium and chlorine gas. The properties of magnesium bromide and magnesium iodide are similar. [ citation needed ] HMgX (X=Cl,Br,I) can be obtained by reacting the corresponding magnesium halide with magnesium hydride.
[100] [101] For example, MgCl 2 is named magnesium chloride, and Na 2 SO 4 is named sodium sulfate (SO 2− 4, sulfate, is an example of a polyatomic ion). To obtain the empirical formula from these names, the stoichiometry can be deduced from the charges on the ions, and the requirement of overall charge neutrality. [102]
It is readily soluble in water, and absorbs water from the air. It converts to hexahydrate with the loss of one water molecule and a switch to monoclinic structure. [5] The epsomite group includes solid solution series with morenosite (NiSO 4 · 7 H 2 O) and goslarite (ZnSO 4 · 7 H 2 O). [3] [clarification needed]
Magnesium is absorbed orally at about 30% bioavailability from any water soluble salt, such as magnesium chloride or magnesium citrate. The citrate is the least expensive soluble (high bioavailability) oral magnesium salt available in supplements, with 100 mg and 200 mg magnesium typically contained per capsule, tablet or 50 mg/mL in solution ...
The sulfate chlorides are double salts containing both sulfate (SO 4 2–) and chloride (Cl –) anions. They are distinct from the chlorosulfates , which have a chlorine atom attached to the sulfur as the ClSO 3 − anion.
In mixtures of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate at 35 °C in water, leonite can crystallise out in a certain composition range. The plot of the system forms boundaries of leonite with potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, and picromerite. As magnesium is enriched, a quadruple point with kainite ...