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The first protease inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Ritonavir: Norvir: AbbVie: U.S. patent 5,541,206: March 1, 1996: AbbVie was part of Abbott Laboratories when patent was granted. As well as being a protease inhibitor in its own right, ritonavir inhibits the breakdown of other protease inhibitors.
Cure rates are 94% to 99% in people infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1. [9] Some evidence also supports use in HCV genotype 3 and 4. [9] It is taken daily by mouth for 8–24 weeks. [8] It is generally well tolerated. [10] Common side effects include muscle pains, headache, nausea, rash, and cough. [8]
The most common side effects are headache, diarrhea, and tiredness. [7] [8] In those with a history of hepatitis B, reactivation may occur. [8] It is not recommended in people with moderate to severe liver disease. [7] Glecaprevir works by blocking the protein NS3/4A protease, while pibrentasvir works by blocking NS5A. [4]
Worldwide the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant women and children has been estimated to be 1–8% and 0.05–5% respectively. [153] The vertical transmission rate has been estimated to be 3–5% and there is a high rate of spontaneous clearance (25–50%) in the children.
It is a member of a class of antiviral drugs known as protease inhibitors. [3] Specifically, telaprevir inhibits the hepatitis C viral enzyme NS3/4A serine protease. [4] Telaprevir is only indicated for use against hepatitis C genotype 1 viral infections and has not been proven to be safe or effective when used for other genotypes of the virus.
Daclatasvir, sold under the brand name Daklinza, is an antiviral medication used in combination with other medications to treat hepatitis C (HCV). [5] The other medications used in combination include sofosbuvir , ribavirin , and interferon , vary depending on the virus type and whether the person has cirrhosis . [ 3 ]
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