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Camellia sinensis is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree in the flowering plant family Theaceae.Its leaves, leaf buds, and stems can be used to produce tea.Common names include tea plant, tea shrub, and tea tree (unrelated to Melaleuca alternifolia, the source of tea tree oil, or the genus Leptospermum commonly called tea tree).
Camellia sinensis, the tea plant, is of major commercial importance because tea is made from its leaves. The species C. sinensis is the product of many generations of selective breeding to bring out desirable qualities for tea. However, many other camellias can be used to produce a similar beverage.
The first recorded successful cultivation of the tea plant in the colonies is recorded as growing on Skidaway Island near Savannah in 1772 [6] In 1863, The New York Times reported the discovery of tea plants growing natively in Western Maryland and Pennsylvania , sparking an interest in cultivating the plants commercially. [ 7 ]
Camellia sinensis is an evergreen plant that grows mainly in tropical and subtropical climates. [69] Some varieties can tolerate oceanic climates and are cultivated as far north as Cornwall in England, [ 70 ] Perthshire in Scotland, [ 71 ] Washington in the United States , [ 72 ] and Vancouver Island in Canada. [ 73 ]
Oolong (UK: / ˈ uː l ɒ ŋ /, US: /-l ɔː ŋ /; simplified Chinese: 乌龙茶; traditional Chinese: 烏龍茶; pinyin: wūlóngchá; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘-liông tê, "black dragon" tea) is a traditional semi-oxidized Chinese tea (Camellia sinensis) produced through a process that includes withering the leaves under strong sun and allowing some oxidation to occur before curling and twisting. [1]
Theaceae (/ θ i ˈ eɪ s i i /), the tea family, is a family of flowering plants comprising shrubs and trees, including the economically important tea plant, and the ornamental camellias. It can be described as having from seven to 40 genera , depending on the source and the method of circumscription used.