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Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream that are alive and capable of reproducing. It is a type of bloodstream infection. [36] Bacteremia is defined as either a primary or secondary process. In primary bacteremia, bacteria have been directly introduced into the bloodstream. [37] Injection drug use may lead to primary bacteremia.
Clostridium tertium bacteremia can cause fever, and directed antibiotic therapy is indicated. [3] C. tertium is commonly (but not universally) resistant to many β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin and cephalosporin; clindamycin; and metronidazole; but it is susceptible to vancomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin. [3]
[103] [127] GBS infections in adults include urinary tract infection, skin and soft-tissue infection (skin and skin structure infection) bacteremia without focus, osteomyelitis, meningitis and endocarditis. [3] GBS infection in adults can be serious, and mortality is higher among adults than among neonates. [103]
The most frequent source of bacteremia due to Peptostreptococcus are infections of the oropharynx, lower respiratory tract, female genital tract, abdomen, skin, and soft tissues. Recent gynecological surgery, immunosuppression , dental procedures, infections of the female genital tract, abdominal and soft tissue along with gastrointestinal ...
Clostridium septicum is a resident bacterium of the human microflora, however it can be found in almost any anoxic habitat in which exists organic compounds. [4] Under unfavorable conditions, C. septicum forms endospores allowing it to survive under harsh conditions such as extreme temperature, dry land, and nutrient-deficient habitats.
In either scenario, a high probability exists that the microbe will form a biofilm. These infections can remain localized or become systemic (i.e. bacteremia). The severity of infection varies depending on the type of catheter, frequency of manipulation, and virulence factors of the S. haemolyticus strain. Removal of the catheter is usually ...
While clostridial species only account for 2% of clinical bacteremia, C innocuum was among the three most commonly isolated bacteria in this study. [7] C. innocuum has also been isolated in patients with recurrent diarrhea who had prior C. difficile associated diarrhea. [8] One case of fatal bacterial endocarditis was also found in the literature.
Tissue necrosis, bacteremia, emphysematous cholecystitis, and gas gangrene, also known as clostridial myonecrosis, have been linked to infections associated with C. perfringens. [43] Research suggests that C. perfringens is capable of engaging in polymicrobial anaerobic infections. [44]