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1) Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), a hole in the wall between the right and left atria; 2) Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles; and 3) Abnormalities of the mitral and/or tricuspid valves. [1] [2]
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale ; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).
The ostium primum atrial septal defect is a defect in the atrial septum at the level of the tricuspid and mitral valves. This is sometimes known as an endocardial cushion defect because it often involves the endocardial cushion, which is the portion of the heart where the atrial septum meets the ventricular septum and the mitral valve meets the tricuspid valve.
Most ASD cases are due to the ostium secundum which can happen when the secundum septum doesn’t grow enough during development This actually accounts for about 10-15% of all congenital heart defects and is the most common congenital heart defect in adults. Fewer ASD cases are due to the ostium primum, where the “first opening” or ostium ...
As Lutembacher's syndrome is known for ASD and MS, most of the symptoms experienced will be associated with ASD and MS. For most people, they will remain asymptomatic (experience no symptoms) but when symptoms are shown, they are due mainly to ASD and will vary depending on the size of the hole in the atria.
Tricuspid atresia is a form of congenital heart disease whereby there is a complete absence of the tricuspid valve. [2] Therefore, there is an absence of right atrioventricular connection. [2] This leads to a hypoplastic (undersized) or absent right ventricle. This defect occurs during prenatal development, when the heart does not finish ...
Atrial septal defect with left-to-right shunt. The left and right sides of the heart are named from a dorsal view, i.e., looking at the heart from the back or from the perspective of the person whose heart it is. There are four chambers in a heart: an atrium (upper) and a ventricle (lower) on both the left and right sides. [1]
Heart septal defect refers to a congenital heart defect [1] of one of the septa of the heart. Atrial septal defect; Atrioventricular septal defect; Ventricular septal defect; Although aortopulmonary septal defects are defects of the aorticopulmonary septum, which is not technically part of the heart, they are sometimes grouped with the heart ...