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  2. Creatine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine

    Creatine supplements are marketed in ethyl ester, gluconate, monohydrate, and nitrate forms. [40] Creatine supplementation for sporting performance enhancement is considered safe for short-term use but there is a lack of safety data for long term use, or for use in children and adolescents. [41] Some athletes choose to cycle on and off creatine ...

  3. You Don’t Need to ‘Load’ Your Creatine, Actually

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/don-t-load-creatine...

    Most creatine companies recommend taking between 20 to 30g a day to creatine load. One scoop is typically 5g. You'll want to only take one scoop at a time to mitigate potential side effects.

  4. Phase diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_diagram

    The simplest phase diagrams are pressure–temperature diagrams of a single simple substance, such as water. The axes correspond to the pressure and temperature. The phase diagram shows, in pressure–temperature space, the lines of equilibrium or phase boundaries between the three phases of solid, liquid, and gas.

  5. Substrate-level phosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate-level_phosphory...

    Substrate-level phosphorylation exemplified with the conversion of ADP to ATP. Substrate-level phosphorylation is a metabolism reaction that results in the production of ATP or GTP supported by the energy released from another high-energy bond that leads to phosphorylation of ADP or GDP to ATP or GTP (note that the reaction catalyzed by creatine kinase is not considered as "substrate-level ...

  6. Creatine phosphate shuttle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine_phosphate_shuttle

    The idea of the creatine phosphate shuttle was suggested as an explanation for altered blood glucose levels in exercising diabetic patients. [5] The change in blood glucose levels were very similar to the alterations that would occur if a diabetic patient would receive a shot of Insulin.It was then proposed that contraction of myofibrils during rigorous exercise freed creatine which imitated ...

  7. CALPHAD - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CALPHAD

    CALPHAD stands for Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry, a methodology introduced in 1970 by Larry Kaufman, originally known as CALculation of PHAse Diagrams. [1] [2] [3] An equilibrium phase diagram is usually a diagram with axes for temperature and composition of a chemical system. It shows the regions where substances or ...

  8. Bioenergetic systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioenergetic_systems

    (A) Phosphocreatine, which is stored in muscle cells, contains a high energy bond. (B) When creatine phosphate is broken down during muscular contraction, energy is released and utilized to resynthesize ATP. Creatine phosphate (CP), like ATP, is stored in muscle cells. When it is broken down, a considerable amount of energy is released.

  9. Phosphocreatine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphocreatine

    Phosphocreatine, also known as creatine phosphate (CP) or PCr (Pcr), is a phosphorylated form of creatine that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle, myocardium and the brain to recycle adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.