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Since that reference is undefined, the message. The named reference $1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page). displays for both references. This can be very confusing, as the order of references in the list may not match the order used in the content. If {} is used and the |refs= parameter is missing or malformed.
Please reference this page and the page where you have the problem so we can understand your issues. For basic information on the footnotes system, see Referencing for beginners ; for advanced help, see Footnotes .
The reference list is shown by including either of the following: {} or <references /> <references /> shows a basic reference list, whereas {} may add formatting for font size and columns, depending on the skin and parameters used. This is normally placed in a References section near the end of the page.
Sometimes the reference list markup exists, but the message is shown because the <ref> tag immediately before the reference list markup does not have a closing </ref> or it is malformed, thus hiding the rest of the text in the article, including the reference list.
A list-defined reference named "$1" is not used in the content (see the help page). A list-defined reference has no name (see the help page). The named reference "$1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
But quote-enclosed reference names may not include a less-than sign (<) or a double straight quote symbol ("), which may however be included by escaping as < and " respectively. The quote marks must be the standard, straight, double quotation marks ("); curly or other quotes will be parsed as part of the reference name.
But quote-enclosed reference names may not include a less-than sign (<) or a double straight quote symbol ("), which may however be included by escaping as < and " respectively. The quote marks must be the standard, straight, double quotation marks ( " ); curly or other quotes will be parsed as part of the reference name.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.<ref>Reference 1</ref> Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.<ref>Reference 2<ref> Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum ...