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Whenever they encounter signs of disease, caused for example by the presence of viruses or intracellular bacteria or a transformed tumor cell, they initiate processes to destroy the potentially harmful cell. [1] All nucleated cells in the body (along with platelets) display class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I molecules). Antigens ...
Human blood after separation by centrifugation. Plasma (upper layer), buffy coat (middle, white-colored layer) and erythrocyte (red blood cell) layer (bottom) can be seen. The buffy coat is commonly used for DNA extraction, [4] with leukocytes providing approximately 10 times more concentrated sources of nucleated cells. [5]
Transudate is extravascular fluid with low protein content and a low specific gravity (< 1.012). It has low nucleated cell counts (less than 500 to 1000 per microliter) and the primary cell types are mononuclear cells: macrophages, lymphocytes and mesothelial cells. For instance, an ultrafiltrate of blood plasma is transudate.
Langerhans' cells are particular type of dendritic cells present in non lymphoid tissues together with interstitial cells. When these cells (in an immature state) come in contact with antigenic cells or disease causing viruses etc. these cells produce an inflammatory stimulus and start antigen processing and move toward lymph nodes where these ...
The cytocentrifugation process can cause cells to appear distorted. Cells located at the centre of the smear may look compressed compared to cells at the periphery. Cell nuclei may develop artifactual clefts, lobes, or holes, [4] and the cytoplasm may appear vacuolated or develop irregular projections. Cytoplasmic granules may be pushed to the ...
The name "white blood cell" derives from the physical appearance of a blood sample after centrifugation. White cells are found in the buffy coat, a thin, typically white layer of nucleated cells between the sedimented red blood cells and the blood plasma. The scientific term leukocyte directly reflects its description.
Once the cell has completed differentiation and become a mature megakaryocyte, it begins the process of producing platelets. The maturation process occurs via endomitotic synchronous replication whereby the cytoplasmic volume enlarges as the number of chromosomes multiplies without cellular division.
There are four types of granulocytes (full name polymorphonuclear granulocytes): [3] Basophils; Eosinophils; Neutrophils; Mast cells; Except for the mast cells, their names are derived from their staining characteristics; for example, the most abundant granulocyte is the neutrophil granulocyte, which has neutrally staining cytoplasmic granules.