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The geology of South Africa is highly varied including cratons, greenstone belts, large impact craters as well as orogenic belts. The geology of the country is the base for a large mining sector that extracts gold , diamonds, iron and coal from world-class deposits.
The African Surface or African Erosion Surface is a land surface formed by erosion covering large swathes of Africa. [1] The type area of the surface lies in South Africa where the surface was first identified as such by Lester Charles King in the mid-20th century. [2] The term was coined by King for certain high surfaces in southern Africa ...
This is a list of the extreme points of South Africa, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location in the country. Including the Prince Edward Islands Northernmost Point: Over Vlakte farm, Vhembe District Municipality , Limpopo Province ( 22°7′40″S 29°39′20″E / 22.12778°S 29.65556°E ...
In southern Africa, rocks of the Karoo Supergroup cover almost two thirds of the present land surface, making part of the 75% of sediments or sedimentary rocks covering the earth including all of Lesotho, almost the whole of Free State, and large parts of the Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa.
Africa is a continent comprising 63 political territories, representing the largest of the great southward projections from the main mass of Earth's surface. [1] Within its regular outline, it comprises an area of 30,368,609 km 2 (11,725,385 sq mi), excluding adjacent islands. Its highest mountain is Kilimanjaro; its largest lake is Lake Victoria.
The Karoo (/ k ə ˈ r u ə / kə-ROO-ə; from the Afrikaans borrowing of the South Khoekhoe!Orakobab or Khoemana word ǃ’Aukarob "Hardveld" [2] [3]) is a semi-desert natural region of South Africa. No exact definition of what constitutes the Karoo is available, so its extent is also not precisely defined.
About 180 million years ago, a mantle plume under southern Gondwana caused bulging of the continental crust in the area that would later become southern Africa. [2] Within 10–20 million years, rift valleys formed on either side of the central bulge and flooded to become the proto-Atlantic Ocean and proto-Indian Ocean more or less along the present southern African coastline and separating ...
The Moodies Group is a geological formation in South Africa and Eswatini. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It has the oldest well-preserved siliciclastic tidal deposits on Earth, where microbial mats flourished. [ 3 ]