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Today, many of Hawaii's remaining endemic species of plants and animals are considered endangered. Hawaii has more endangered species and has lost a higher percentage of its endemic species than any other U.S. state. [7] The endemic plant Brighamia now requires hand pollination because its natural pollinator is presumed to be extinct. [8]
The Oʻahu ʻakepa (Loxops wolstenholmei) is an extinct species of ʻakepa that was endemic to the island of Oahu. It was commonly sighted throughout the 19th century. This brick red Hawaiian honeycreeper was found in the mountain peaks in densely forested areas. The females were mostly gray with a tinge of green.
A herd of axis deer in Maui. Hawaii is the most isolated major land mass in the world and that isolation has led to very high rates of endemism.Uniquely adapted endemic species are often sensitive to competition from invasive species and Hawaii has had numerous extinctions (List of extinct animals of the Hawaiian Islands).
Kahaluʻu Fishpond, historically known as Kahouna Fishpond, on Kāneʻohe Bay in windward Oʻahu, is one of only four surviving ancient Hawaiian fishponds on Oʻahu that were still in use well into the 20th century.
Belonging on an Island: Birds, Extinction and Evolution in Hawaii. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. ISBN 978-0-3002-2964-6.. Chapter 1 of the book is about the moa-nalo, and avian paleontologists working in Hawaii. Slikas, Beth (2003): Hawaiian Birds: Lessons from a Rediscovered Avifauna. Auk 120(4): 953–960.
In the era following western contact, habitat loss and avian disease are thought to have had the greatest effect on endemic bird species in Hawaii, although native peoples are implicated in the loss of dozens of species before the arrival of Captain Cook and others, in large part due to the arrival of the Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans) which ...