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ATN presents with acute kidney injury (AKI) and is one of the most common causes of AKI. [2] Common causes of ATN include low blood pressure and use of nephrotoxic drugs. [2] The presence of "muddy brown casts" of epithelial cells found in the urine during urinalysis is pathognomonic for ATN. [3] Management relies on aggressive treatment of the ...
Acute kidney injury due to acute tubular necrosis (ATN) was recognized in the 1940s in the United Kingdom, where crush injury victims during the London Blitz developed patchy necrosis of kidney tubules, leading to a sudden decrease in kidney function. [52]
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a purported form of kidney damage in which there has been recent exposure to medical imaging contrast material without another clear cause for the acute kidney injury. Despite extensive speculation, the actual occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy has not been demonstrated in the literature. [1]
the physiologic response to a decrease in kidney perfusion is an increase in sodium reabsorption to control hyponatremia, often caused by volume depletion or decrease in effective circulating volume (e.g. low output heart failure). above 2% [citation needed] or 3% [2] acute tubular necrosis or other kidney damage (postrenal disease)
Acute tubular necrosis due to ischemia is often preceded by prerenal acute kidney injury, since prerenal AKI results in less blood sent to the kidneys. All that secretion and reabsorption in the tubules takes a lot of energy, and so these cells are particularly sensitive to a loss of blood supply, especially the cells in the proximal tubule and ...
Under ideal situations myoglobin will be filtered and excreted with the urine, but if too much myoglobin is released into the circulation or in case of kidney problems, it can occlude the kidneys' filtration system leading to acute tubular necrosis and acute kidney injury. Other causes of myoglobinuria include: McArdle's disease