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The following diagnostic systems and rating scales are used in psychiatry and clinical psychology.This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. For instance, in the category of depression, there are over two dozen depression rating scales that have been developed in the past eighty years.
When using the scale to diagnose depression according to ICD-10, there are the following possibilities: Mild depression: A score of 4 or 5 in two of the first three items. Plus a score of at least 3 on two or three of the last seven items. Moderate depression: A score of 4 or 5 in two or three of the first three items. Plus a score of at least ...
It has good specificity, but the poor sensitivity could lead to false negatives, [26] which is a problem for a screening tool. It is likely to perform best in samples where the prevalence of depressive disorders is high. [25] To improve clinical utility, meta-analyses suggest increasing cut score to 10 or higher to improve sensitivity. [25] [26 ...
To maintain consistency the ICD-10 used the same criteria, with only minor alterations, but using the DSM diagnostic threshold to mark a mild depressive episode, adding higher threshold categories for moderate and severe episodes. [110] [306] The ancient idea of melancholia still survives in the notion of a melancholic subtype.
A primary care (e.g. general or family physician) version of the mental disorder section of ICD-10 has been developed (ICD-10-PHC) which has also been used quite extensively internationally. [22] A survey of journal articles indexed in various biomedical databases between 1980 and 2005 indicated that 15,743 referred to the DSM and 3,106 to the ICD.
This depression rating scale includes a 27-item screening questionnaire and follow-up clinician interview designed to facilitate the diagnosis of common mental disorders in primary care. Its lengthy administration time has limited its clinical usefulness; it has been replaced by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). [16]
The criteria were criticized because they do not take into account any other aspects of the personal and social context in which depression can occur. [37] In addition, some studies found little empirical support for the DSM-IV cut-off criteria, indicating they are a diagnostic convention imposed on a continuum of depressive symptoms of varying ...
Depression, one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorders, [2] [3] is being diagnosed in increasing numbers in various segments of the population worldwide. [4] [5] Depression in the United States alone affects 17.6 million Americans each year or 1 in 6 people. Depressed patients are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes ...