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  2. Neural network (machine learning) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network_(machine...

    In machine learning, a neural network (also artificial neural network or neural net, abbreviated ANN or NN) is a model inspired by the structure and function of biological neural networks in animal brains. [1] [2] An ANN consists of connected units or nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in the brain. Artificial ...

  3. List of programming languages for artificial intelligence

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_programming...

    R is widely used in new-style artificial intelligence, involving statistical computations, numerical analysis, the use of Bayesian inference, neural networks and in general machine learning. In domains like finance, biology, sociology or medicine it is considered one of the main standard languages.

  4. Transformer (deep learning architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_(deep_learning...

    For many years, sequence modelling and generation was done by using plain recurrent neural networks (RNNs). A well-cited early example was the Elman network (1990). In theory, the information from one token can propagate arbitrarily far down the sequence, but in practice the vanishing-gradient problem leaves the model's state at the end of a long sentence without precise, extractable ...

  5. Large language model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_language_model

    The NTL Model outlines how specific neural structures of the human brain shape the nature of thought and language and in turn what are the computational properties of such neural systems that can be applied to model thought and language in a computer system. After a framework for modeling language in a computer systems was established, the ...

  6. Attention (machine learning) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_(machine_learning)

    [19] [20] [21] A slow neural network learns by gradient descent to generate keys and values for computing the weight changes of the fast neural network which computes answers to queries. [17] This was later shown to be equivalent to the unnormalized linear Transformer. [22] A follow-up paper developed a similar system with active weight ...

  7. Generative pre-trained transformer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_pre-trained...

    [4] [5] It is an artificial neural network that is used in natural language processing by machines. [6] It is based on the transformer deep learning architecture , pre-trained on large data sets of unlabeled text, and able to generate novel human-like content.

  8. Fast Artificial Neural Network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_Artificial_Neural_Network

    Trained artificial neural networks can be stored as .net files to quickly saved and load ANNs for future use or future training. This allows dividing the training into multiple smaller steps, which can be useful when dealing with large training datasets or large neural networks.

  9. Probabilistic neural network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic_neural_network

    A probabilistic neural network (PNN) [1] is a feedforward neural network, which is widely used in classification and pattern recognition problems. In the PNN algorithm, the parent probability distribution function (PDF) of each class is approximated by a Parzen window and a non-parametric function.