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In electromagnetism, the magnetic susceptibility (from Latin susceptibilis 'receptive'; denoted χ, chi) is a measure of how much a material will become magnetized in an applied magnetic field. It is the ratio of magnetization M ( magnetic moment per unit volume ) to the applied magnetic field intensity H .
Schematic diagram of Gouy balance. The Gouy balance, invented by the French physicist Louis Georges Gouy, is a device for measuring the magnetic susceptibility of a sample. . The Gouy balance operates on magnetic torque, by placing the sample on a horizontal arm or beam suspended by a thin fiber, and placing either a permanent magnet or electromagnet on the other end of the arm, there is a ...
An Evans balance, also known as a Johnson Matthey magnetic susceptibility balance, is a scientific instrument used to measure the magnetic susceptibility of solids and liquids. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Magnetic susceptibility quantifies the extent to which a material becomes magnetized in an applied magnetic field .
An alternative method for measuring magnetic susceptibility is the Gouy balance. In this technique there is an inhomogeneous magnetic field in the central region between two (flat) poles of a magnet, either a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The sample must be in powder form and is placed in a cylindrical tube, which is then suspended in ...
The magnetic moments being aligned in the same direction are what causes an induced magnetic field. [12] [13] For paramagnetism, this response to an applied magnetic field is positive and is known as magnetic susceptibility. [8] The magnetic susceptibility only applies above the Curie temperature for disordered states. [14]
Magnetic induction B (also known as magnetic flux density) has the SI unit tesla [T or Wb/m 2]. [1] One tesla is equal to 10 4 gauss. Magnetic field drops off as the inverse cube of the distance ( 1 / distance 3 ) from a dipole source. Energy required to produce laboratory magnetic fields increases with the square of magnetic field. [2]
The magnetic dipoles of the atoms point in random directions. When a magnetic field is applied, first-order Zeeman splitting occurs. Atoms with spins aligned to the field slightly outnumber the atoms with non-aligned spins. In the first-order Zeeman effect the energy difference between the two states is proportional to the applied field strength.
The rotating shaft is surrounded by magnets. A small amount of ferrofluid, placed in the gap between the magnet and the shaft, will be held in place by its attraction to the magnet. The fluid of magnetic particles forms a barrier which prevents debris from entering the interior of the hard drive.