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Penicillium digitatum (/ ˌ p ɛ n ɪ ˈ s ɪ l i əm ˌ d ɪ dʒ ɪ ˈ t eɪ t əm /) is a mesophilic fungus found in the soil of citrus-producing areas. [1] [2] [3] It is a major source of post-harvest decay in fruits and is responsible for the widespread post-harvest disease in Citrus fruit known as green rot or green mould.
Before modern microbiology, foodbourne illness was not understood, and, from the mid 1800s to early-mid 1900s, was perceived as ptomaine poisoning, caused by a fundamental flaw in understanding how it worked. While the medical establishment ditched ptomaine theory by the 1930s, it remained in the public consciousness until the late 1960s and ...
Penicillium expansum, a pathogen of apples and other fruit, produces patulin; Penicillium glabrum; Penicillium glaucum, a mold that is used in the making of some types of blue cheese, including Bleu de Gex, Rochebaron, and some varieties of Bleu d'Auvergne and Gorgonzola. Penicillium imranianum; Penicillium italicum, a Citrus pathogen ...
Penicillium expansum produces the mycotoxin patulin, a neurotoxin that can enter the food supply via apples and apple products such as juice and cider. [19] Considering the size of the apple product industry and the large number of people that may come into contact with infected fruits, control of P. expansum is vitally important. [20]
OTA has been labeled as a carcinogen and a nephrotoxin, and has been linked to tumors in the human urinary tract, although research in humans is limited by confounding factors. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] Citrinin is a toxin that was first isolated from Penicillium citrinum , but has been identified in over a dozen species of Penicillium and several species ...
Aspergillus penicillioides is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus, and is among the most xerophilic fungi. [1]Aspergillus penicillioides is typically found in indoor air, house dust, and on substrates with low water activity, such as dried food, papers affected by foxing, and inorganic objects such as binocular lenses. [2]
Pathogenic fungi are fungi that cause disease in humans or other organisms.Although fungi are eukaryotic, many pathogenic fungi are microorganisms. [1] Approximately 300 fungi are known to be pathogenic to humans; [2] their study is called "medical mycology".
The mycotoxin that infected the rice was isolated from Penicillium citrinum and was found to be a secondary metabolite called citrinin. [2] According to Tsunoda, P. citrinum was the most common fungi of the Penicillium species found in imported rice, with 20% of imports being contaminated.