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A single byte can contain up to 8 separate Boolean flags by mapping one Boolean flag to each bit, making it a very economical and dense method of data storage. This is known as a packed representation or bit-packing, and the opposite encoding with only one Boolean flag per byte used is known as a sparse representation.
The BIT data type, which can only store integers 0 and 1 apart from NULL, is commonly used as a workaround to store Boolean values, but workarounds need to be used such as UPDATE t SET flag = IIF (col IS NOT NULL, 1, 0) WHERE flag = 0 to convert between the integer and Boolean expression.
A subset of flags in a flag field may be extracted by ANDing with a mask. A large number of languages support the shift operator (<<) where 1 << n aligns a single bit to the nth position. Most also support the use of the AND operator (&) to isolate the value of one or more bits.
Flags may be found as members of a defined data structure, such as a database record, and the meaning of the value contained in a flag will generally be defined in relation to the data structure it is part of. In many cases, the binary value of a flag will be understood to represent one of several possible states or statuses.
function TestAndSet(boolean_ref lock) { boolean initial = lock; lock = true; return initial; } Not only is the code shown not atomic, in the sense of the test-and-set instruction, it also differs from the descriptions of DPRAM hardware test-and-set above.
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