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2. Public key certificate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificate

   In cryptography, a public key certificate, also known as a digital certificate or identity certificate, is an electronic document used to prove the validity of a public key. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The certificate includes the public key and information about it, information about the identity of its owner (called the subject), and the digital signature of ...

3. Certificate authority - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority

   The matching private key is not made available publicly, but kept secret by the end user who generated the key pair. The certificate is also a confirmation or validation by the CA that the public key contained in the certificate belongs to the person, organization, server or other entity noted in the certificate.

4. Transport Layer Security - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security

   The client sends a CertificateVerify message, which is a signature over the previous handshake messages using the client's certificate's private key. This signature can be verified by using the client's certificate's public key. This lets the server know that the client has access to the private key of the certificate and thus owns the certificate.

5. X.509 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509

   In cryptography, X.509 is an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) standard defining the format of public key certificates. [1] X.509 certificates are used in many Internet protocols, including TLS/SSL, which is the basis for HTTPS, [2] the secure protocol for browsing the web.

6. DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS-based_Authentication...

   When connecting to the service and a certificate is received, the selector field specifies which parts of it should be checked. A value of 0 means to select the entire certificate for matching. A value of 1 means to select just the public key for certificate matching. Matching the public key is often sufficient, as this is likely to be unique.

7. Certificate Transparency - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_Transparency

   Certificate Transparency (CT) is an Internet security standard for monitoring and auditing the issuance of digital certificates. [1] When an internet user interacts with a website, a trusted third party is needed for assurance that the website is legitimate and that the website's encryption key is valid.

8. Root certificate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_certificate

   In cryptography and computer security, a root certificate is a public key certificate that identifies a root certificate authority (CA). [2] Root certificates are self-signed (and it is possible for a certificate to have multiple trust paths, say if the certificate was issued by a root that was cross-signed) and form the basis of an X.509 ...

9. HTTP Public Key Pinning - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_Public_Key_Pinning

   The HPKP policy specifies hashes of the subject public key info of one of the certificates in the website's authentic X.509 public key certificate chain (and at least one backup key) in pin-sha256 directives, and a period of time during which the user agent shall enforce public key pinning in max-age directive, optional includeSubDomains ...