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The cruciate anastomosis is a circulatory anastomosis in the upper thigh [1] formed by the inferior gluteal artery, the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries, the first perforating artery of the deep femoral artery, [2] [1] and the anastomotic branch of the posterior branch of the obturator artery.
A circulatory anastomosis is a connection (an anastomosis) between two blood vessels, such as between arteries (arterio-arterial anastomosis), between veins (veno-venous anastomosis) or between an artery and a vein (arterio-venous anastomosis). Anastomoses between arteries and between veins result in a multitude of arteries and veins ...
However, if flow in the femoral artery of a normal leg is suddenly disrupted, blood flow distally is rarely sufficient. The reason for this is the fact that the genicular anastomosis is only present in a minority of individuals and is always undeveloped when disease in the femoral artery is absent. [18]
The medial circumflex femoral artery (internal circumflex artery, [1] medial femoral circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh [2] that arises from the profunda femoris artery. [1]
The external iliac artery provides the main blood supply to the legs. It passes down along the brim of the pelvis and gives off two large branches - the "inferior epigastric artery" and a "deep circumflex artery."
The artery of the round ligament of the uterus, also known as Sampson's artery, [2] [3] is a branch of the inferior epigastric artery. [4] It runs under, and supplies, the round ligament of the uterus. [5]
When blood vessels connect to form a region of diffuse vascular supply, it is called an anastomosis. Anastomoses provide alternative routes for blood to flow through in case of blockages. Veins can have valves that prevent the backflow of the blood that was being pumped against gravity by the surrounding muscles. [8]
The popliteal artery is a deeply placed continuation of the femoral artery opening in the distal portion of the adductor magnus muscle.It courses through the popliteal fossa and ends at the lower border of the popliteus muscle, where it branches into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries.