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Cyberbullying (cyberharassment or online bullying) is a form of bullying or harassment using electronic means. Since the 2000s, it has become increasingly common, especially among teenagers and adolescents, due to young people's increased use of social media. [1] Related issues include online harassment and trolling.
Hinduja is also the co-founder and Co-Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Bullying Prevention. [2] He is an international expert in cyberbullying , sexting , sextortion , online and offline dating violence , digital self-harm , and related forms of online harm among youth.
Online disinhibition plays a role in the act of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is the act of trying to make another person feel embarrassed, intimidated, or bad about themselves through the Internet. [15] Anonymity usually leads to meaner comments towards others (cyberbullying) but it alone does not cause cyberbullying. [16]
Cyber-bullying is very common among children and young adults that are ten to eighteen years old. [17] Victims of cyber-bullying, often feel negative about themselves after being bullied. It is also common for cyber-bullying to have negative effects on cyber victims' social well-being because it has a negative impact on their self-esteem. [18]
Bullying at university: The social and legal contexts of cyberbullying among university students, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 48 (8): 1172-1182. Cowie, H. & Myers, C-A. (2018) Bullying amongst students in further and higher education: the role of counsellors in addressing the issue, University and College Counselling, 6(3): 12-16.
Cyberbullying, bullying or harassment using social media or other electronic means, has been shown to have effects on mental health. Victims may have lower self-esteem, increased suicidal ideation , decreased motivation for usual hobbies, and a variety of emotional responses, including being scared, frustrated, angry, anxious or depressed.
All students, regardless of race, weight, gender, ethnicity, etc., can be targeted as victims of bullying. [2] Two research articles have examined bullying at the post-secondary level in great detail. These articles both appeared in the journal Adolescence in 2004 and 2006. [3]
Additionally, cyber-bullying encompasses the unauthorized capture and online dissemination of unflattering or inappropriate images of a student, as well as hurtful or malicious behavior through mobile phones (such as texts, calls, or video clips) or online platforms (including email, instant messaging, social networking sites, and chatrooms). [2]