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The Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS), developed by Lewis and Simons (2010), measures a language's status in terms of endangerment or development. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The table below shows the various levels on the scale:
Fishman is the founder and editor of the Contributions to the Sociology of Language book series by Mouton de Gruyter. Fishman devised the influential Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (GIDS), used for determining whether languages are endangered, in his book Reversing Language Shift. [11]
One of the earliest is GIDS (Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale) proposed by Joshua Fishman in 1991. [19] In 2011 an entire issue of Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development was devoted to the study of ethnolinguistic vitality, Vol. 32.2, 2011, with several authors presenting their own tools for measuring language vitality.
In 2014, with the 17th edition, Ethnologue introduced a numerical code for language status using a framework called EGIDS (Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale), an elaboration of Fishman's GIDS (Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale).
Alaska: Akutaq. A specialty of Native Alaskans, akutaq is sometimes called Alaskan ice cream. It's a dessert made with fresh local berries, sweetener, and animal fat, and sometimes dried fish or meat.
Ofer Kalderon, held hostage in Gaza since the Oct. 7, 2023 attack, is released by Hamas militants as part of a ceasefire and a hostages-prisoners swap deal between Hamas and Israel, in an image ...
The Mercedes-AMG G 63 6x6 or Mercedes-Benz G 63 AMG 6x6 is an SUT manufactured by Mercedes-Benz.An SUT derivative of the six wheel drive Mercedes Geländewagen developed for the Australian Army from 2007 (see G-Class Military operators), at the time it was the company's largest and second most expensive street-legal offroad vehicle.
Kelly Ripa opened up about gaining weight after quitting alcohol in 2017. She expected a "windfall of weight loss," but actually gained 12 pounds after she began eating more sugar.