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  2. The clash between the Church and the Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_clash_between_the...

    From the time of Constantine I's conversion to Christianity in the 4th century, the question of the relationship between temporal and spiritual power was constant, causing a clash between the Church and the Empire. The disappearance of imperial power initially enabled the pope to assert his independence. However, from 962 onwards, the Holy ...

  3. Concordat of Worms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordat_of_Worms

    The Concordat of Worms, written in Papal minuscule on Vellum. The Concordat of Worms (Latin: Concordatum Wormatiense; German: Wormser Konkordat), also referred to as the Pactum Callixtinum or Pactum Calixtinum, was an agreement between the Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire which regulated the procedure for the appointment of bishops and abbots in the Empire.

  4. Investiture Controversy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investiture_Controversy

    Woodcut of a medieval king investing a bishop with the symbols of office, Philip Van Ness Myers, 1905. The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest (‹See Tfd› German: Investiturstreit, pronounced [ɪnvɛstiˈtuːɐ̯ˌʃtʁaɪt] ⓘ) was a conflict between the Church and the state in medieval Europe over the ability to choose and install bishops (investiture) [1] and abbots of ...

  5. Siege of Jerusalem (1187) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)

    Jerusalem. The Siege of Jerusalem lasted from 20 September to 2 October 1187, when Balian of Ibelin surrendered the city to Saladin. Earlier that summer, Saladin had defeated the kingdom's army and conquered several cities. Balian was charged with organizing a defense. The city was full of refugees but had few soldiers.

  6. Diocletianic Persecution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocletianic_Persecution

    The Diocletianic or Great Persecution was the last and most severe persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire. [1] In 303, the emperors Diocletian, Maximian, Galerius, and Constantius issued a series of edicts rescinding Christians' legal rights and demanding that they comply with traditional religious practices.

  7. European wars of religion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_wars_of_religion

    The European wars of religion were a series of wars waged in Europe during the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries. [1][2] Fought after the Protestant Reformation began in 1517, the wars disrupted the religious and political order in the Catholic countries of Europe, or Christendom. Other motives during the wars involved revolt, territorial ...

  8. Fights over elections have left wounds that won't heal in ...

    www.aol.com/fights-over-elections-left-wounds...

    Thousands have moved from across the country and the world to live near and participate in the church, which has a reported 11,000 members in a city of 90,000 people. ... he can help restore order ...

  9. French Wars of Religion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion

    The French Wars of Religion were a series of civil wars between French Catholics and Protestants (called Huguenots) from 1562 to 1598. Between two and four million people died from violence, famine or disease directly caused by the conflict, and it severely damaged the power of the French monarchy. [1] One of its most notorious episodes was the ...