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It is a major industrial chemical, being a component of many fertilizers. The compound is an acid. Removal of all three H + ions gives the phosphate ion PO 3− 4. Removal of one or two protons gives dihydrogen phosphate ion H 2 PO − 4, and the hydrogen phosphate ion HPO 2− 4, respectively. Phosphoric acid forms esters, called ...
The single-bonded oxygen atoms that are not shared are completed with acidic hydrogen atoms. The general formula of a phosphoric acid is H n +2−2 x P n O 3 n +1− x , where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure, between 0 and n + 2 / 2 .
The phosphate ion has a molar mass of 94.97 g/mol, and consists of a central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. It is the conjugate base of the hydrogen phosphate ion H(PO 4) 2−, which in turn is the conjugate base of the dihydrogen phosphate ion H 2 (PO 4) −
Parts-per-million cube of relative abundance by mass of elements in an average adult human body down to 1 ppm. About 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium.
In chemistry, homonuclear molecules, or homonuclear species, are molecules composed of only one element. Homonuclear molecules may consist of various numbers of atoms. The size of the molecule an element can form depends on the element's properties, and some elements form molecules of more than one size. The most familiar homonuclear molecules ...
Oxyacid. An oxyacid, oxoacid, or ternary acid is an acid that contains oxygen. Specifically, it is a compound that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and at least one other element, with at least one hydrogen atom bonded to oxygen that can dissociate to produce the H + cation and the anion of the acid. [1]
Oxygen compounds. Water (H 2 O) is the most familiar oxygen compound. The oxidation state of oxygen is −2 in almost all known compounds of oxygen. The oxidation state −1 is found in a few compounds such as peroxides. Compounds containing oxygen in other oxidation states are very uncommon: − 1⁄2 (superoxides), − 1⁄3 (ozonides), 0 ...
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are hydroperoxide (O 2 H), superoxide (O 2-), [ 1 ] hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen. [ 2 ] ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O 2, which is ...