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Nitrification. Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via the intermediary nitrite. Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil. The process of complete nitrification may occur through separate organisms [1] or entirely within one organism, as in comammox bacteria.
Nitrifying bacteria are chemolithotrophic organisms that include species of genera such as Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrospina, Nitrospira and Nitrococcus. These bacteria get their energy from the oxidation of inorganic nitrogen compounds. [1] Types include ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB).
Denitrification. Nitrogen cycle. Denitrification is a microbially facilitated process where nitrate (NO 3−) is reduced and ultimately produces molecular nitrogen (N 2) through a series of intermediate gaseous nitrogen oxide products. Facultative anaerobic bacteria perform denitrification as a type of respiration that reduces oxidized forms of ...
Nitrification is the process by which ammonia (NH 3) is converted to nitrate (NO − 3). Nitrification is actually the net result of two distinct processes: oxidation of ammonia to nitrite (NO − 2) by nitrosifying bacteria (e.g. Nitrosomonas) and oxidation of nitrite to nitrate by the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (e.g. Nitrobacter). Both of ...
Denitrifying bacteria are a diverse group of bacteria that encompass many different phyla. This group of bacteria, together with denitrifying fungi and archaea, is capable of performing denitrification as part of the nitrogen cycle. [1] Denitrification is performed by a variety of denitrifying bacteria that are widely distributed in soils and ...
Morphology and characteristics. Nitrobacter are gram-negative bacteria and are either rod-shaped, pear-shaped or pleomorphic. [1][2] They are typically 0.5–0.9 μm in width and 1.0–2.0 μm in length and have an intra-cytomembrane polar cap. [5][2] Due to the presence of cytochromes c, they are often yellow in cell suspensions. [5]
The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmospheric, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems. The conversion of nitrogen can be carried out through both biological and physical processes. Important processes in the nitrogen cycle include fixation ...
Anammox, an abbreviation for "anaerobic ammonium oxidation", is a globally important microbial process of the nitrogen cycle [ 1 ] that takes place in many natural environments. The bacteria mediating this process were identified in 1999, and were a great surprise for the scientific community. [ 2 ] In the anammox reaction, nitrite and ammonium ...