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Serum vitamin B12. Serum vitamin B12 is a medical laboratory test that measure vitamin B 12 only in the blood binding to both transcobalamins. [1] Most of the time, 80–94% of vitamin B 12 in the blood binds to haptocorrin, while only 6–20% is binds to transcobalamin ll. [2] Only transcobalamin ll is "active" and can be used by the body. [1]
Schilling test. The Schilling test was a medical investigation used for patients with vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) deficiency. [1] The purpose of the test was to determine how well a patient is able to absorb B12 from their intestinal tract. The test is now considered obsolete and is rarely performed, and is no longer available at many medical centers.
6% (< 60 years old), 20% (> 60 years old) [ 4 ] Vitamin B12 deficiency, also known as cobalamin deficiency, is the medical condition in which the blood and tissue have a lower than normal level of vitamin B 12. [ 5 ] Symptoms can vary from none to severe. [ 1 ] Mild deficiency may have few or absent symptoms. [ 1 ]
Frequency. 1 per 1000 people [8] Pernicious anemia is a disease where not enough red blood cells are produced due to a deficiency of vitamin B 12. [5] Those affected often have a gradual onset. [5] The most common initial symptoms are feeling tired and weak. [4]
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism. [2] It is one of eight B vitamins. It is required by animals, which use it as a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. [3]
Megaloblastic anemia is a type of macrocytic anemia. An anemia is a red blood cell defect that can lead to an undersupply of oxygen. [1] Megaloblastic anemia results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. [2] When DNA synthesis is impaired, the cell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M) stage.
Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B. 12 used to treat and prevent vitamin B. 12 deficiency except in the presence of cyanide toxicity. [7][8][2] The deficiency may occur in pernicious anemia, following surgical removal of the stomach, with fish tapeworm, or due to bowel cancer.
The presence of hypersegmented neutrophils is an important diagnostic feature of megaloblastic anaemias. Hypersegmentation can also be seen in many other conditions but with relatively less diagnostic significance. Hypersegmentation can sometimes be difficult to assert since interobserver variation is high and segmentation may vary with race.