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Aphid giving birth to live young: populations are often entirely female. In autumn, aphids reproduce sexually and lay eggs. Environmental factors such as a change in photoperiod and temperature, or perhaps a lower food quantity or quality, causes females to parthenogenetically produce sexual females and males. [56]
Female aphids reproduce by parthenogenesis, males have never been observed in the wild but have been produced under laboratory conditions. [10] Females may be wingless or winged , the production of the alate form occurs a higher rate in those regions where it is necessary for oleander aphid to migrate each year on to temporary hosts. [11]
Aphis gossypii — cotton aphid; Aphis glycines — soybean aphid; Aphis helianthi — sunflower aphid; Aphis nerii — oleander aphid; Aphis pomi — apple aphid; Aphis rubicola — small raspberry aphid; Aphis rumicis - black aphid; Aphis spiraecola — spirea aphid (syn. Aphis citricola — citrus aphid) Aphis valerianae — black valerian aphid
Lipaphis erysimi is a species of aphid of the family Aphididae. [3] Its common names include mustard aphid [4] and turnip aphid. [5] It is found in most temperate and tropical areas of the world and feeds only on cruciferous plants. The insects are almost exclusively female and are very prolific, with wingless females producing around one ...
The galls occur when female aphids lay a single egg on the underside of the sumac leaf, inducing the leaf to form a sac over the egg. [5] According to Hebert et al, the eggs "give rise to a series of parthenogenetic generations, which remain within the gall. Winged females leave the gall in late summer and fly to moss, where they establish ...
Female Aphidius nigripes emit pheromones soon after emerging from their pupa to attract winged males. The female mates only once, storing the sperm. She oviposits eggs into the immature stages of the potato aphid. Like other haplodiploid insects, she can control the sex of her offspring by laying a fertilized (female) egg or an unfertilized ...
The production of female offspring by parthenogenesis is referred to as thelytoky (e.g., aphids) while the production of males by parthenogenesis is referred to as arrhenotoky (e.g., bees). When unfertilized eggs develop into both males and females, the phenomenon is called deuterotoky. [22]
Aphis craccivora is a small species of aphid. The female has a glossy black or dark brown body with a prominent cauda (tail-like protrusion), and legs in some shade of brown or yellow. The antennae have six segments and these and the limb segments, cauda and cornicles are pale proximally (close to the body) and dark distally (further from the ...