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Hepburn romanization (Japanese: ヘボン式ローマ字, Hepburn: Hebon-shiki rōmaji, lit. ' Hepburn-style Roman letters ' ) is the main system of romanization for the Japanese language . The system was originally published in 1867 by American Christian missionary and physician James Curtis Hepburn as the standard in the first edition of his ...
Hepburn romanization generally follows English phonology with Romance vowels. It is an intuitive method of showing Anglophones the pronunciation of a word in Japanese. It was standardized in the United States as American National Standard System for the Romanization of Japanese (Modified Hepburn), but that status was abolished on October 6 ...
For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters. Examples in the charts are Japanese words transliterated according to the Hepburn romanization system. See Japanese phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Japanese.
Kunrei-shiki romanization (Japanese: 訓令式ローマ字, Hepburn: Kunrei-shiki rōmaji), also known as the Monbusho system (named after the endonym for the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) or MEXT system, [1] is the Cabinet-ordered romanization system for transcribing the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet.
Throughout Wikipedia, a modified version of the widely accepted Hepburn romanization is used to represent Japanese sounds in Roman characters. The following are some basic rules for using Hepburn to pronounce Japanese words accurately.
を, in hiragana, or ヲ in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represents one mora. Historically, both are phonemically /wo/, reflected in the Nihon-shiki wo, although the contemporary pronunciation is ⓘ, reflected in the Hepburn romanization and Kunrei-shiki romanization [1] o. Thus it is pronounced identically to the kana o.
Any speaker of English attempting to pronounce a romanised Japanese word for the first time will pronounce "Tu" incorrectly as "Too" and "Si" as "See" every time. Hepburn romanisation is used widely in academic texts (not only on the railways) because it allows native English speakers to best approximate Japanese pronunciation. It's the best ...
し, in hiragana, or シ in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora.Both represent the phonemes /si/, reflected in the Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization si, although for phonological reasons, the actual pronunciation is ⓘ, which is reflected in the Hepburn romanization shi.