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Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, cardialgia or acid indigestion, [2] is a burning sensation in the central chest or upper central abdomen. [3] [4] [5] Heartburn is usually due to regurgitation of gastric acid (gastric reflux) into the esophagus. It is the major symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [6]
Acid reflux (aka heartburn) happens to everyone sometimes. While certain foods and medications may increase the risk of reflux, there are also diet and lifestyle changes that can help.
The diagnosis of GERD is usually made when typical symptoms are present. [42] Reflux can be present in people without symptoms and the diagnosis requires both symptoms or complications and reflux of stomach content. [43] Other investigations may include esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Barium swallow X-rays should not be used for diagnosis. [42]
The presence of eosinophils in the esophagus may be due to an allergen and is often correlated with GERD. The direction of cause and effect between inflammation and acid reflux is poorly established, with recent studies (in 2016) hinting that reflux does not cause inflammation. [6]
In gastroenterology, esophageal pH monitoring is the current gold standard for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It provides direct physiologic measurement of acid in the esophagus and is the most objective method to document reflux disease, assess the severity of the disease and monitor the response of the disease to medical or surgical treatment.
Acid reflux can bring on some (unwelcome) surprises. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us
Gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD is a chronic condition that can lead to more serious complications like esophageal cancer. [33] Treatment options are available to treat the symptoms and the condition, but there is no cure for the disease. Symptoms include burping, abdominal and stomach bloating, along with pain and discomfort.
Gastric acid or stomach acid is the acidic component – hydrochloric acid of gastric juice, produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach lining. With a pH of between one and three, gastric acid plays a key role in the digestion of proteins by activating digestive enzymes , which together break down the long chains of amino ...