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Postpartum depression (PPD), also called perinatal depression, is a mood disorder which may be experienced by pregnant or postpartum individuals. [3] Symptoms include extreme sadness, low energy, anxiety, crying episodes, irritability, and changes in sleeping or eating patterns. [1] PPD can also negatively affect the newborn child. [4] [2]
Most patients present with headache, vomiting, seizures and focal signs such as hemiplegia or dysphasia, but a minority of cases have a psychiatric presentation. [123] The incidence is about 1 in 1,000 births in Europe and North America, [124] but much higher in India, where large series have been collected. [125]
A postpartum disorder or puerperal disorder is a disease or condition which presents primarily during the days and weeks after childbirth called the postpartum period.The postpartum period can be divided into three distinct stages: the initial or acute phase, 6–12 hours after childbirth; subacute postpartum period, which lasts two to six weeks, and the delayed postpartum period, which can ...
This phenomenon can go beyond grief and can lead to worries about strange maternal feelings or postpartum treatment regarding complications of childbirth. [48] Such parents would require more than empathy; generally, adequate medical programs should be considered for parents having such unbearable grief.
Examples of symptoms of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder include intrusive symptoms such as flashbacks and nightmares, as well as symptoms of avoidance (including amnesia for the whole or parts of the event), uncomfortable sexual intimacy, discomfort being touched, abstinence, fear of pregnancy, and avoidance of birth- and pregnancy-related issues.
Postpartum stupor has been described, [40] [41] beginning immediately or very shortly after the birth. The mother remains speechless, immobile and unresponsive to any stimuli for hours or even a day or more. [42] These stupors differ in duration and clinical features from postpartum bipolar disorder. They have been phasic, with recovery and ...
The MD had decided to do a cesarian section because of the danger to the baby. The father was an 18-year-old member of the Bloods gang, who showed up in full gang regalia, all red, hat turned ...
Studies have determined that there may be a connection between antenatal and postpartum depression in women with lower vitamin D levels. [19] There is a higher risk of antenatal depression in woman living in low-income countries who deal with less access to quality healthcare, have economic issues, and don't have a good support system.