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An aircraft fuel system allows the crew to pump, manage, and deliver aviation fuel to the propulsion system and auxiliary power unit (APU) of an aircraft. Fuel systems differ greatly due to different performance of the aircraft in which they are installed. A single-engine piston aircraft has a simple fuel system; a tanker (such as the KC-135 ...
Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov uses mazut as a fuel, leading to a visible trail of heavy black smoke that can be seen at a great distance. Russian naval officials have said that the failure to properly preheat the heavy mazut fuel prior to entering the combustion chamber may contribute to the heavy smoke trail associated with the ship.
Jet fuel is a gas turbine fuel used in propeller and jet fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters. It has a low viscosity at low temperature, has limited ranges of density and calorific value , burns cleanly, and remains chemically stable when heated to high temperature.
Unlike the inerting systems on military aircraft, this inerting system runs continuously to reduce fuel vapor flammability whenever the aircraft's engines are running. The goal is to reduce oxygen content within the fuel tank to 12%, lower than normal atmospheric oxygen content of 21%, but higher than that of inerted military aircraft fuel ...
The main petroleum component used in blending avgas is alkylate, which is a mixture of various isooctanes. Some refineries also use reformate.All grades of avgas that meet CAN 2–3 [further explanation needed], 25-M82 [further explanation needed] have a density of 6.01 pounds per US gallon (720 g/L) at 15 °C (59 °F).
Changes in weight of fuel on board, due to fuel consumption. This was a challenge especially in the large historic airships like the Zeppelins . For example, on a flight from Friedrichshafen to Lakehurst, the rigid airship LZ 126 , built in 1923-24, used 23,000 kg gasoline and 1300 kg of oil (an average consumption of 290 kg/100 km).
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The most commonly used fuels for commercial aviation are Jet A and Jet A-1, which are produced to a standardized international specification. The only other jet fuel commonly used in civilian turbine-engine powered aviation is Jet B, which is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance. Jet fuel is a mixture of a variety of hydrocarbons ...