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Distribution sort refers to any sorting algorithm where data is distributed from their input to multiple intermediate structures which are then gathered and placed on the output. For example, both bucket sort and flashsort are distribution-based sorting algorithms.
external sorting algorithm. External sorting is a class of sorting algorithms that can handle massive amounts of data.External sorting is required when the data being sorted do not fit into the main memory of a computing device (usually RAM) and instead they must reside in the slower external memory, usually a disk drive.
In some data structures, an array of structures is used. In such cases, the same sorting methods can be used to sort the structures according to some key as a structure element; for example, sorting records of students according to roll numbers or names or grades.
The Postman's sort is a variant of bucket sort that takes advantage of a hierarchical structure of elements, typically described by a set of attributes. This is the algorithm used by letter-sorting machines in post offices : mail is sorted first between domestic and international; then by state, province or territory; then by destination post ...
The more complex, or disk-bound, data structures tend to increase time cost, in general making increasing use of virtual memory or disk. The most direct competitor of quicksort is heapsort . Heapsort has the advantages of simplicity, and a worst case run time of O ( n log n ) , but heapsort's average running time is usually considered slower ...
Lexicographic sorting of a set of string keys can be implemented by building a trie for the given keys and traversing the tree in pre-order fashion; [26] this is also a form of radix sort. [27] Tries are also fundamental data structures for burstsort, which is notable for being the fastest string sorting algorithm as of 2007, [28] accomplished ...
For example, the items are books, the sort key is the title, subject or author, and the order is alphabetical. A new sort key can be created from two or more sort keys by lexicographical order . The first is then called the primary sort key , the second the secondary sort key , etc.
Sorting a set of unlabelled weights by weight using only a balance scale requires a comparison sort algorithm. A comparison sort is a type of sorting algorithm that only reads the list elements through a single abstract comparison operation (often a "less than or equal to" operator or a three-way comparison) that determines which of two elements should occur first in the final sorted list.