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Alchemical symbols were used to denote chemical elements and compounds, ... Amalgam (alloys of a metal and mercury) 🝛 = a͞a͞a, ȧȧȧ ...
Many more symbols were in at least sporadic use: one early 17th-century alchemical manuscript lists 22 symbols for mercury alone. [ 10 ] Planetary names and symbols for the metals – the seven planets and seven metals known since Classical times in Europe and the Mideast – was ubiquitous in alchemy.
Calx – calcium oxide; was also used to refer to other metal oxides. Chalcanthum – the residue produced by strongly roasting blue vitriol (copper sulfate); it is composed mostly of cupric oxide. Chalk – a rock composed of porous biogenic calcium carbonate. CaCO 3; Chrome green – chromic oxide and cobalt oxide.
Consequently, at the temperatures needed to reduce zinc oxide to the metal, the metal is already gaseous. [23] [24] Arsenic sublimes at 615 °C (1137 °F), passing directly from the solid state to the gaseous state. [21] Antimony melts at 631 °C (1167 °F) [21] Platinum melts at 1768 °C (3215 °F), even higher than iron. [21]
Mineral symbols (text abbreviations) are used to abbreviate mineral groups, subgroups, and species, just as lettered symbols are used for the chemical elements. The first set of commonly used mineral symbols was published in 1983 and covered the common rock-forming minerals using 192 two- or three-lettered symbols. [ 1 ]
Alchemical Symbols is a Unicode block containing symbols for chemicals and substances used in ancient and medieval alchemy texts. Many of the symbols are duplicates or redundant with previous characters. [3] Few fonts support more than a few characters in this block as of 2021. One that does and is free for personal use is Symbola 14.0.
Saturn symbol; Suns in alchemy; V. Venus symbol This page was last edited on 1 September 2023, at 18:19 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
Alchemy (from the Arabic word al-kīmīā, الكیمیاء) is an ancient branch of natural philosophy, a philosophical and protoscientific tradition that was historically practised in China, India, the Muslim world, and Europe. [1]