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Trajectory and pattern of US 3-inch (76 mm) Shrapnel shell of WWI era. The other factor was the trajectory. The shrapnel bullets were typically lethal for about 300 yards (270 m) from normal field guns after bursting and over 400 yards (370 m) from heavy field guns.
The gun fired 3 inches (76 mm) steel, shrapnel, or explosive shells that weighed 15 pounds (6.8 kg). [2] The use of nickel steel construction meant that the M1902 could fire a heavier shell at a higher muzzle velocity and greater accuracy (due to tighter rifling) than any other field gun of American origin to that point. [3]
Shell: 10 lb 11 oz Shrapnel 11 lb 4 oz common shell 10 lb 8 oz Segment 10 lb 9 oz case: Calibre: 3-inch (76.2 mm) Breech: Armstrong screw with vertical sliding vent-piece (block) Muzzle velocity: 1,239 feet per second (378 m/s) [2] Effective firing range: 3,400 yards (3,100 m)
The 3-inch rifle could hurl a shell 4,180 yd (3,822 m) at 16° elevation. [14] Unlike a smoothbore cannon, the 3-inch rifle's projectile retained two-thirds of its muzzle velocity at 1,500 yd (1,372 m) – or 839 ft/s (256 m/s) – so that its rifled projectile was invisible in flight.
The early 12.5-pound (5.7 kg) shrapnel shell at 2,500 ft/s (760 m/s) caused excessive barrel wear and was unstable in flight. The 1916 16-pound (7.3 kg) shell at 2,000 ft/s (610 m/s) proved ballistically superior and was better suited to a high explosive filling. [8] The Mark I* had different rifling. The Mark II lost the semi-automatic action.
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The 16-pounder used three types of ammunition – Common shell (for use against buildings or fortifications), shrapnel shell (for use any Infantry or Cavalry) and case shot (for close range use against 'soft' targets. Ignition was through a copper lined vent at the breech end of the gun.
Guns were fired using a silk bag containing a black powder propellant. They used three types of ammunition – Common shell (for use against buildings or fortifications), shrapnel shell (for use against infantry or cavalry) and case shot (for close range use against 'soft' targets.) Ignition was through a copper-lined vent at the breech end of ...