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The Life Events and Difficulties Schedule is a psychological measurement of the stressfulness of life events. It was created by psychologists George Brown and Tirril Harris in 1978. [ 1 ] Instead of accumulating the stressfulness of different events, as was done in the Social Readjustment Rating Scale by Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe, they ...
Perseverative cognition is involved with a “stress-disease link". [1] Further, it is the thinking about the stress, or rather the obsessing over it, that establishes a link between stress and disease. Perseverative cognition also focuses on the effects that worrying over anticipated events have on the physical body and mind. [2]
This model uses cognitive appraisal as a way to explain responses to stressful events. [5]According to this theory, two distinct forms of cognitive appraisal must occur in order for an individual to feel stress in response to an event; Lazarus called these stages "primary appraisal" and "secondary appraisal". [5]
The coping style most commonly associated with hardiness is transformational coping, which transforms stressful events into less stressful ones. [3] [24] At the cognitive level this involves setting the event into a broader perspective in which it does not seem so terrible. At the level of action, people high in hardiness are believed to react ...
Causal attributions of the event are a way to deal with the stress of an event, and so self-blame is a type of coping. [10] [11] During and after traumatic events, individuals’ appraisals affect how stressful the event is, their beliefs on what caused the event, meanings they may derive from the event, and changes they make in their future ...
Distress is the most commonly referred to type of stress, having negative implications, whereas eustress is usually related to desirable events in a person's life. [17] Selye first differentiated the two in an article he wrote in 1975. [18]
Stress is a life event or series of events that disrupt a person's psychological equilibrium and may catalyze the development of a disorder. [3] Thus the diathesis-stress model serves to explore how biological or genetic traits ( diatheses ) interact with environmental influences ( stressors ) to produce disorders such as depression, anxiety ...
Anxiety is an emotion characterised by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil and includes feelings of dread over anticipated events. [1] [2] [3] Anxiety is different from fear in that fear is defined as the emotional response to a present threat, whereas anxiety is the anticipation of a future one. [4]