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  2. Binding energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_energy

    The atomic binding energy of the atom is the energy required to disassemble an atom into free electrons and a nucleus. [4] It is the sum of the ionization energies of all the electrons belonging to a specific atom. The atomic binding energy derives from the electromagnetic interaction of the electrons with the nucleus, mediated by photons.

  3. BCS theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCS_theory

    A binding energy suggests two or more particles or other entities that are bound together in the superconducting state. This helped to support the idea of bound particles – specifically electron pairs – and together with the above helped to paint a general picture of paired electrons and their lattice interactions.

  4. Bond energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_energy

    The bond energy for H 2 O is the average energy required to break each of the two O–H bonds in sequence: Although the two bonds are the equivalent in the original symmetric molecule, the bond-dissociation energy of an oxygen–hydrogen bond varies slightly depending on whether or not there is another hydrogen atom bonded to the oxygen atom.

  5. Franck–Condon principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franck–Condon_principle

    In examining how much vibrational energy a molecule could acquire when it is excited to a higher electronic level, and whether this vibrational energy could be enough to immediately break apart the molecule, he drew three diagrams representing the possible changes in binding energy between the lowest electronic state and higher electronic states.

  6. Activation energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activation_energy

    This is possible due to a release of energy that occurs when the substrate binds to the active site of a catalyst. This energy is known as Binding Energy. Upon binding to a catalyst, substrates partake in numerous stabilizing forces while within the active site (e.g. hydrogen bonding or van der Waals forces). Specific and favorable bonding ...

  7. Ligand efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligand_efficiency

    Ligand efficiency is a measurement of the binding energy per atom of a ligand to its binding partner, such as a receptor or enzyme. [1]Ligand efficiency is used in drug discovery research programs to assist in narrowing focus to lead compounds with optimal combinations of physicochemical properties and pharmacological properties.

  8. Nuclear binding energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_binding_energy

    Nuclear binding energy in experimental physics is the minimum energy that is required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its constituent protons and neutrons, known collectively as nucleons. The binding energy for stable nuclei is always a positive number, as the nucleus must gain energy for the nucleons to move apart from each other.

  9. Orders of magnitude (energy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(energy)

    3.3×10 31 J: Total energy output of the Sun each day [240] [257] 10 32 1.71×10 32 J: Gravitational binding energy of the Earth [258] 3.10×10 32 J Yearly energy output of Sirius B, the ultra-dense and Earth-sized white dwarf companion of Sirius, the Dog Star. It has a surface temperature of about 25,200 K. [259] 10 33 2.7×10 33 J