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An environmental gradient, or climate gradient, is a change in abiotic (non-living) factors through space (or time). Environmental gradients can be related to factors such as altitude , depth, temperature , soil humidity and precipitation .
A gradsect or gradient-directed transect is a low-input, high-return sampling method where the aim is to maximise information about the distribution of biota in any area of study. Most living things are rarely distributed at random , their placement being largely determined by a hierarchy of environmental factors.
The program evaluation and review technique (PERT) is a statistical tool used in project management, which was designed to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a given project. PERT was originally developed by Charles E. Clark for the United States Navy in 1958; it is commonly used in conjunction with the Critical Path Method ...
The environmental lapse rate (ELR), is the actual rate of decrease of temperature with altitude in the atmosphere at a given time and location. [6]The ELR is the observed lapse rate, and is to be distinguished from the adiabatic lapse rate which is a theoretical construct.
Environment Ministers of OECD member countries, at their meeting in January 1991, called on the OECD to start environmental performance reviews of member countries. This mandate was subsequently confirmed by the OECD Council meeting at Ministerial level in June 1991, and supported by the London G-7 economic summit in July 1991.
Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique (GERT) is a network analysis technique used in project management that allows probabilistic treatment both network logic and estimation of activity duration. The technique was first described in 1966 by Dr. Alan B. Pritsker of Purdue University and WW Happ.
The acronym GCM originally stood for General Circulation Model.Recently, a second meaning came into use, namely Global Climate Model.While these do not refer to the same thing, General Circulation Models are typically the tools used for modelling climate, and hence the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably.
Bathymetric surveys and charts are associated with the science of oceanography, particularly marine geology, and underwater engineering or other specialized purposes. Bathymetric map of Medicine Lake, California. Bathymetric data used to produce charts can also be converted to bathymetric profiles which are vertical sections through a feature.