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"Baby fat" continues to appear on thighs, upper arms and neck. Feet appear flat as arch has not yet fully developed. Both eyes work in unison (true binocular coordination). Can see distant objects (4 to 6 m or 13 to 20 ft away) and points at them. Motor development. Reaches with one hand leading to grasp an offered object or toy.
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The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (version 4 was released September 2019) is a standard series of measurements originally developed by psychologist Nancy Bayley used primarily to assess the development of infants and toddlers, ages 1–42 months. [1]
Individual differences in motor ability are common and depend in part on the child's weight and build. Infants with smaller, slimmer, and more mature builds (proportionally) tend to belly crawl and crawl earlier than infants with larger builds. [97] Infants with more motor experience have been shown to belly crawl and crawl sooner.
Fine motor skills are the coordination of small muscle movements which occur e.g., in the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes. In application to motor skills of hands (and fingers) the term dexterity is commonly used. The term 'dexterity' is defined by Latash and Turrey (1996) as a 'harmony in movements' (p. 20).
In motor behaviors, this can be seen in an infant’s tonic neck reflex, where babies prefer to lie with their heads turned to one side and extend their arm to the same side which the head is turned while flexing the other arm behind their head. It is a reflex where the infant directs vision towards the hand or fist in extension.
Motor skills are movements and actions of the muscles. Typically, they are categorized into two groups: gross motor skills and fine motor skills. Gross motor skills are involved in movement and coordination of the arms, legs, and other large body parts and movements. Gross motor skills can be further divided into two subgroups of locomotor ...
An infant demonstrating the Babkin reflex: he opens his mouth when pressure is applied to both palms (8 seconds). The Babkin reflex occurs in newborn babies, and describes varying responses to the application of pressure to both palms. Infants may display head flexion, head rotation, opening of the mouth, or a combination of these responses. [22]