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Using real time PCR, the investigators confirmed the presence of this virus in the brains and proventriculus of three cases of PDD but not in four unaffected birds. At approximately the same time, Kistler and her colleagues used a microarray approach to identify a bornavirus hybridization signature in three out of five PDD cases but not in eight control parrots.
Bornaviridae is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales.Horses, sheep, cattle, rodents, birds, reptiles, and humans serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with bornaviruses include Borna disease, a fatal neurologic disease of mammals restricted to central Europe; and proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in b
Borna disease, also known as sad horse disease, [1] is an infectious neurological syndrome [2] of warm-blooded animals, caused by Borna disease viruses 1 and 2 (BoDV-1/2). BoDV-1/2 are neurotropic viruses of the species Mammalian 1 orthobornavirus, and members of the Bornaviridae family within the Mononegavirales order.
Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) is an incurable probably viral disease of psittacine birds. It was first recognized and described in 1978 by Dr. Hannis L. Stoddard. Since the first reported cases were involving species of macaw, the condition was termed macaw wasting syndrom
A Bayesian analysis of Borna disease virus 1 suggests that the current strains diversified ~300 years ago and that avian-host bornaviruses evolved considerably earlier than this. [13] The ancestral virus seems likely to have been a high AT content virus.
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The genome organization and RNA synthesis of order Mononegavirales. A virus is a member of the order Mononegavirales if [2] [3]. its genome is a linear, typically (but not always) nonsegmented, single-stranded, non-infectious RNA of negative polarity; possesses inverse-complementary 3' and 5' termini; and is not covalently linked to a protein;
Salmonid fish, birds and insects serve as natural hosts. There are currently 11 species in this family, divided among seven genera. [ 2 ] Diseases associated with this family include infectious pancreatic necrosis in salmonid fish, which causes significant losses to the aquaculture industry, with chronic infection in adult salmonid fish and ...