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Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. [5]
Pneumonia occurs in a variety of situations and treatment must vary according to the situation. [11] It is classified as either community or hospital acquired depending on where the patient contracted the infection. It is life-threatening in the elderly or those who are immunocompromised.
Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is a form of lung disease characterized by progressive scarring of both lungs. [1] The scarring (pulmonary fibrosis) involves the pulmonary interstitium (the supporting framework of the lung). UIP is thus classified as a form of interstitial lung disease.
Hospitalized patients without risk for Pseudomonas: This group requires intravenous antibiotics, with a quinolone active against Streptococcus pneumoniae (such as levofloxacin), a β-lactam antibiotic (such as cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ampicillin/sulbactam or high-dose ampicillin plus a macrolide antibiotic (such as azithromycin or ...
A Risk Class III patient, after evaluation of other factors including home environment and follow-up, may either: [5] be sent home with oral antibiotics [4] be admitted for a short hospital stay with antibiotics and monitoring. [4] Patients with Risk Class IV-V pneumonia patient should be hospitalized for treatment. [4]
Erythromycin and other macrolides or clindamycin are recommended for people with severe penicillin allergies. [ 13 ] [ 8 ] First-generation cephalosporins may be used in those with less severe allergies [ 13 ] and some low-certainty evidence suggest cephalosporins are superior to penicillin.
The incidence of pleural empyema and the prevalence of specific causative microorganisms varies depending on the source of infection (community acquired vs. hospital acquired pneumonia), the age of the patient and host immune status. Risk factors include alcoholism, drug use, HIV infection, neoplasm and pre-existent pulmonary disease. [23]
HAIs affect one in every 31 hospitalized patients in the USA. [64] Staphylococcus aureus, a gram-positive bacterium, is the most common cause of nosocomial pneumonia and surgical site infections and the second-most common cause of bloodstream, cardiovascular, and eye, ear, nose, and throat infections. [65]