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Magnetic dipole–dipole interaction, also called dipolar coupling, refers to the direct interaction between two magnetic dipoles. Roughly speaking, the magnetic field of a dipole goes as the inverse cube of the distance, and the force of its magnetic field on another dipole goes as the first derivative of the magnetic field. It follows that ...
Symbol Name Meaning SI unit of measure alpha: alpha particle: angular acceleration: radian per second squared (rad/s 2) fine-structure constant: unitless beta: velocity in terms of the speed of light c: unitless beta particle: gamma: Lorentz factor: unitless photon: gamma ray: shear strain: radian
The simplest realization of the Dicke model involves the dipole coupling between two-level atoms in a cavity. In this system, the observation of the superradiant transition is hindered by two possible problems: (1) The bare coupling between atoms and cavities is usually weak and insufficient to reach the critical value λ c {\displaystyle ...
Monopole moments have a 1/r rate of decrease, dipole moments have a 1/r 2 rate, quadrupole moments have a 1/r 3 rate, and so on. The higher the order, the faster the potential drops off. Since the lowest-order term observed in magnetic sources is the dipole term, it dominates at large distances.
The Ising model (or Lenz–Ising model), named after the physicists Ernst Ising and Wilhelm Lenz, is a mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics.The model consists of discrete variables that represent magnetic dipole moments of atomic "spins" that can be in one of two states (+1 or −1).
In physics, a dipole (from Ancient Greek δίς (dís) 'twice' and πόλος (pólos) 'axis') [1] [2] [3] is an electromagnetic phenomenon which occurs in two ways: An electric dipole deals with the separation of the positive and negative electric charges found in any electromagnetic system. A simple example of this system is a pair of charges ...
The theory is an indirect exchange coupling: the hyperfine interaction couples the nuclear spin of one atom to a conduction electron also coupled to the spin of a different nucleus. The assumption of hyperfine interaction turns out to be unnecessary, and can be replaced equally well with the exchange interaction .
Magnetic moment (or magnetic dipole moment) m: The component of magnetic strength and orientation that can be represented by an equivalent magnetic dipole: N⋅m/T L 2 I: vector Magnetization: M: Amount of magnetic moment per unit volume A/m L −1 I: vector field Momentum: p →: Product of an object's mass and velocity kg⋅m/s L M T −1 ...